Prevention and control of infection Essay

Questions Answers Learning Outcome/Assessment criteria explain employees’ roles and responsibilities in relation to the prevention and control of infection As an employee it is our responsibility to adhere to company policies and procedures as well as those implemented by localized procedures. This means any communicable diseases which are notifiable must be brought to the attention of the appropriate authorities. If I have any concerns whatsoever regarding the management of infectious diseases in the workplace I should contact line/project manager who will then seek professional advice. All employees must also observe general precautions, other roles specific to a particular work activities also be observe red. Roles and responsibilities of personnel in relation to infection control. 1.1.1  explain employers’ roles and responsibilities in relation to the prevention and control of infection It is the responsibility of the employer to provide employees with  information on such policies as well as ensure all employees receive sufficient training where necessary. Also to provide PPE +personal protective equipment- to all members of staff. 1.1.2  Outline current legislation and regulatory body standards which are relevant to the prevention and the prevention and control of infection. The Health and Social Care Act 2008; Code of Practice for health and adult social care on the prevention and control of infections and related guidance. To help providers of healthcare, adult social care, (and others) plan and implement how they prevent and control infections. It includes criteria for CQC to take into account when assessing compliance with the registration requirement on cleanliness and infection control. Legislation, regulations and guidance that govern infection prevention and control. Health and Safety at Work Act 1974, Management of Health and Safety at Work Act (amended 1994), The Public Health (Control of Diseases) Act 1984, Food Safety Act 1990, COSHH 2002, RIDDOR 1995, The Public Health (Infectious Diseases) Regulation 1988, The Food Safety (General Food Hygiene) Regulations (Department of Health 1995), The Environmental Protection (Duty of Care) Regulations 1991, Health Protection Agency Bill, Hazardous Waste Regulations 2005, NICE (National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence) Guideline 2 June 2003 2.2.1 Describe local and organizational policies relevant to the prevention and control of infection The following local and organisational policies relevant to the prevention and control of infection are The Public Health (control of disease) Act 1984, Social Care Act, the NICE guidelines and also company policies and procedures that relate to infection prevention and control. For example with regards to own company, it states that â€Å"Any  persons suffering from an infectious or contagious disease must either have clearance rom own doctor or seek guidance from your line manager.† 2.2.2 Describe procedures and systems relevant prevention and control of infection Procedures and systems relevant to the prevention of control infection are following companies policies and procedures which relate to correct hand washing procedure, wearing correct PPE for example gloves, aprons and protective clothing, the correct disposal of waste and using the correct cleaning equipment when cleaning spillages, surfaces, equipment etc. 3.3.1 Explain the potential impact of an outbreak of infection on the individual and the organisation. ‘The outbreak of infection can be fatal if care is not taken; for instance an outbreak of MRSA that can be resistant to most antibiotics can be fatal. The outbreak of an infection has consequences for individuals, staff and the organisation. It can cause ill health to all concerned and it can also impact emotionally because people that acquire infection relate it to being dirty and some infections may require people to be isolated from others for a period of time. The organisation could lose money if most of the staff are off sick and as they will then need to employ more staff which they will be paying to cover in addition to staff that are off sick. The organisation could also be fined by not complying with the law and in turn this will damage their reputation. 3.3.2 Define ‘RISK’ Risk is the chance or probability that a person will be harmed or experience an adverse health effect if exposed to a hazard. It may also apply to situations with property or equipment loss 4.4.1 Outline potential risks of infection within the workplace In the workplace supporting individuals with personal care activities and  sharing facilities with others involve coming into contact with bodily fluids which contain pathogens. Cleaning areas such as bathrooms that are dirty and where bodily fluids are present may be more likely to be contaminated with pathogens. Handling laundry that may be dirty or contaminated with bodily fluids can also contain pathogens. Handling of disposing of clinical waste, emptying waste containers and receptacles, that may also be contaminated with pathogens. Providing personal care activities that require being close to an individual and dealing with bodily fluids increases the chance of infections spreading. Sometimes support workers may be exposed to high risk situations where the risk of infection spreading is higher such as in an individual’s home where the support worker is supporting with personal care but then also other activities such as handling food and disposing of waste.’ 4.4.2 Describe the process of carrying out a risk assessment Risk assessment helps makes us aware of the risks involved in any activity and know how to reduce or remove the risk. It also helps to protect the organisation’s reputation because the risk assessment identifies the risks in the workplace and the measures put in place to control or eradicate such risks. In general, risk assessments are important as they reduce the risks of accidents and ill health to everyone. There are five main stages to carrying out a risk assessment: Identify the hazard – this means finding out what the hazards are and what might cause harm by observing but also by speaking with individuals, staff and visitors. Evaluate the risks – this stage involves deciding who might be harmed and how and involves considering everyone in the workplace such as individuals, staff and visitors. Take precautions – this involves deciding on what precautions must be taken to remove, reduce or avoid the hazards for example wearing the appropriate PPE might be a precaution. Review the risks – the effectiveness of the precautions in place should be checked regularly to ensure that they are sufficient. Report and record outcome – the findings of the risk assessment must be recorded and all those involved and who need to know should be given explanations and information on how these risks can be prevented and/or controlled 4.4.3 Explain the importance of carrying out a risk assessment The main aim is to make sure that no one gets hurt or becomes ill. Accidents and ill health can ruin lives, and can also affect business if output is lost, machinery is damaged, insurance costs increase, or if you have to go to court. Therefore, carrying out risk assessments, preparing and implementing a safety statement and keeping both up to date will not in themselves prevent accidents and ill health but they will play a crucial part in reducing their likelihood. Employers, managers and supervisors should all ensure that workplace practices reflect the risk assessments and safety statement. Behaviour, the way in which everyone works, must reflect the safe working practices laid down in these documents. Supervisory checks and audits should be carried out to determine how well the aims set down are being achieved. Corrective action should be taken when required. Additionally, if a workplace is provided for use by others, the safety statement must also set out the safe work practices that are relevant to them. Hence, it is important to carry out a Risk Assessment and prepare a Safety Statement for: 1. Financial reasons: 2. Legal reasons: 3. Moral and ethical reasons: 4.4.4 Describe different types of PPE Aprons and gloves are commonly used types of PPE. Disposable gloves have different type’s namely standard latex (i.e. white gloves used for personal care tasks), nitrile (i.e. used for cleaning tasks) and vinyl (i.e. blue gloves used when handling food). Disposable plastic aprons are placed over uniforms and prevent the uniform from becoming soiled when carrying out different activities (i.e. white apron for personal care and blue for handling food). Other PPE used in care settings can include uniforms (must not be worn outside of work and must be washed on a regular basis) and hats (worn when food is being prepared and served). PPE is used to reduce the  risk of pathogens being transferred from the support worker to the individual, from one individual to another, from one staff member to another. PPE form physical barriers from infections and protect staff from infection carried by individuals and individuals from any pathogens staff may be carrying 5.5.2 Explain the reasons for use of PPE * Gloves- protect hands. * Gowns/aprons-protect skin and/or clothing. * Masks and respirators. * Respirators- protect respiratory tract from airborne infectious agents. * Goggles- protect eyes. * Face shields- protect face, mouth, nose, and eyes. 5.5.3 State current relevant regulations and legislation relating to PPE Employees are responsible to use PPE appropriate and as instructed by employer. An employee has to check PPE before and after use and have to report any damage. Ensuring employees who store and handle dangerous substances are properly trained. Using appropriate precautions when handling substances- for example, wearing protective clothing or ensuring adequate ventilation. Checking containers are properly labelled. 5.5.4 Describe employees’ responsibility regarding the removal of PPE It is the responsibility of employees to ensure that they take reasonable care to protect their own health and safety and that of their co-workers and other persons in or near the workplace. Report to management any hazardous or potentially hazardous conditions or risks that they identify in their work environment. Participate in training provided by the employer, regarding the appropriate use, care, and maintenance of PPE. Uses PPE in accordance with instruction provided and follow 5.5.5 Describe employers’ responsibility regarding the removal of PPE Employers’ responsibilities regarding the use of PPE include providing the correct PPE in relation to the specific tasks that are carried out and for staff members (i.e. the correct fitting PPE); this must be provided free of charge. Employers need to have arrangements in place to make sure PPE is stored correctly and is available when needed. It is the duty of the employer to assess the need of PPE in the work environment. The employer must also train staff and provide them with information and guidance on how to use PPE 5.5.6 Describe the correct practice in the application and removal of PPE ‘Before putting on an apron you must first wash and dry your hands and then the neck strap must be placed over the head and the waist ties fastened behind the back. To remove the apron it is important to limit the areas your hand will touch in order to reduce the possibility of cross infection. You should pull at the neck strap and the waist strap making sure that it does not fall to the floor, then scrunch it up into a ball in your gloved hand and then dispose of it in the yellow bin bag. When removing PPE avoid touching any surface, remove the item before moving to the next patient, place the item in the correct bin and wash and dry your hands afterwards in case of cross contamination. Clinical waste like gloves and aprons are regarded as high risk and must be disposed of properly to reduce the risk of cross infection. Infectious, hazardous materials should be placed in yellow bags for incineration; black bags are for food waste and other waste. 5.5.7 Describe the correct procedure for disposal of used PPE Put on medical gloves and place your PPE in a plastic garbage bag. Tightly tie and secure the garbage bag to prevent dripping. If dripping occurs and garbage touches your skin or clothes, wash them thoroughly. Put PPE in your workplace’s receptacles. It may be labelled for bio hazardous waste. Clean waste containers regularly. Your workplace may require you to clean receptacles daily depending on their policies; and wash hands thoroughly  with soap and warm water after handling. 5.5.8 Describe the key principles of good personal hygiene Some of the principles of good personal hygiene include washing hands before and after tasks and bathing regularly to prevent the spread of infection and body odour, keeping hair clean and tied back, wearing clean clothing and ensuring uniforms worn are washed regularly and only worn in the workplace to avoid the spread of infection, keeping nails trimmed and clean, not wearing jewellery at work as this can be a way of transporting pathogens. 6.6.1 Describe the correct sequence for hand washing The stages for hand washing are as follows: Make sure that you remove any jewellery, Turn the water tap on and make sure that you can place both hands under the water comfortably and that it is at the right temperature so that you can wash your hands, Wet both hands, Apply soap and lather both hands palm to palm, Rub each hand over the back of the other, Interlock fingers and rub fingers, Rub thumbs, Rub palms together, Rinse to remove the soap residue, Dry your hands with either a paper towel or an air drier. 6.6.3 Explain when and why hand washing should be carried out Hand washing should be carried out regularly to help prevent and control the spread of infection and should be washed before starting work and putting on a clean uniform, before and after using PPE, before and after specific tasks such as after using the toilet, before and after handling and serving food, after handling waste, before and after carrying out activities with  individuals. 6.6.4 Describe the types of products that should be used for hand washing There are different types of products that should be used for hand washing and these include soap, antiseptic gels and alcohol-based hand rubs. Liquid soap from a dispenser should be used for hand washing in communal areas as these will have less pathogens then if bars of soap are shared between different people. Antiseptic gels contain chemicals that destroy pathogens and these are used where there is a higher risk of infection. Alcohol-based hand rubs should be used in addition to and not instead of hand washing with soaps and antiseptic gels and add an additional protective barrier against pathogens. 6.6.5 Describe correct procedures that relate to skincare. Hand washing should be carried out regularly to help prevent and control the spread of infection and should be washed before starting work and putting on a clean uniform, before and after using PPE, before and after specific tasks such as after using the toilet, before and after handling and serving food, after handling waste, before and after carrying out activities with individuals. It is important to take care of our skin as it protects from pathogens; if the skin is not looked after it could become dry and develop cracks which in turn could become the route of pathogens. It is therefore important that hand cream is applied to help keep skin moisturised so that it does not become dry.

Digital Fortress Chapter 29

Still unnerved from her encounter with Hale, Susan gazed out through the one-way glass of Node 3. The Crypto floor was empty. Hale was silent again, engrossed. She wished he would leave. She wondered if she should call Strathmore; the commander could simply kick Hale out-after all, it was Saturday. Susan knew, however, that if Hale got kicked out, he would immediately become suspicious. Once dismissed, he probably would start calling other cryptographers asking what they thought was going on. Susan decided it was better just to let Hale be. He would leave on his own soon enough. An unbreakable algorithm. She sighed, her thoughts returning to Digital Fortress. It amazed her that an algorithm like that could really be created-then again, the proof was right there in front of her; TRANSLTR appeared useless against it. Susan thought of Strathmore, nobly bearing the weight of this ordeal on his shoulders, doing what was necessary, staying cool in the face of disaster. Susan sometimes saw David in Strathmore. They had many of the same qualities-tenacity, dedication, intelligence. Sometimes Susan thought Strathmore would be lost without her; the purity of her love for cryptography seemed to be an emotional lifeline to Strathmore, lifting him from the sea of churning politics and reminding him of his early days as a code-breaker. Susan relied on Strathmore too; he was her shelter in a world of power-hungry men, nurturing her career, protecting her, and, as he often joked, making all her dreams come true. There was some truth to that, she thought. As unintentional as it may have been, the commander was the one who'd made the call that brought David Becker to the NSA that fateful afternoon. Her mind reeled back to him, and her eyes fell instinctively to the pull-slide beside her keyboard. There was a small fax taped there. The fax had been there for seven months. It was the only code Susan Fletcher had yet to break. It was from David. She read it for the five-hundredth time. PLEASE ACCEPT THIS HUMBLE FAX MY LOVE FOR YOU IS WITHOUT WAX. He'd sent it to her after a minor tiff. She'd begged him for months to tell her what it meant, but he had refused. Without wax. It was David's revenge. Susan had taught David a lot about code-breaking, and to keep him on his toes, she had taken to encoding all of her messages to him with some simple encryption scheme. Shopping lists, love notes-they were all encrypted. It was a game, and David had become quite a good cryptographer. Then he'd decided to return the favor. He'd started signing all his letters â€Å"Without wax, David.† Susan had over two dozen notes from David. They were all signed the same way. Without wax. Susan begged to know the hidden meaning, but David wasn't talking. Whenever she asked, he simply smiled and said, â€Å"You're the code-breaker.† The NSA's head cryptographer had tried everything-substitutions, cipher boxes, even anagrams. She'd run the letters â€Å"without wax† through her computer and asked for rearrangements of the letters into new phrases. All she'd gotten back was: taxi hut wow. It appeared Ensei Tankado was not the only one who could write unbreakable codes. Her thoughts were interrupted by the sound of the pneumatic doors hissing open. Strathmore strode in. â€Å"Susan, any word yet?† Strathmore saw Greg Hale and stopped short. â€Å"Well, good evening, Mr. Hale.† He frowned, his eyes narrowing. â€Å"On a Saturday, no less. To what do we owe the honor?† Hale smiled innocently. â€Å"Just making sure I pull my weight.† â€Å"I see.† Strathmore grunted, apparently weighing his options. After a moment, it seemed he too decided not to rock Hale's boat. He turned coolly to Susan. â€Å"Ms. Fletcher, could I speak to you for a moment? Outside?† Susan hesitated. â€Å"Ah†¦ yes, sir.† She shot an uneasy glance at her monitor and then across the room at Greg Hale. â€Å"Just a minute.† With a few quick keystrokes, she pulled up a program called ScreenLock. It was a privacy utility. Every terminal in Node 3 was equipped with it. Because the terminals stayed on around the clock, ScreenLock enabled cryptographers to leave their stations and know that nobody would tamper with their files. Susan entered her five-character privacy code, and her screen went black. It would remain that way until she returned and typed the proper sequence. Then she slipped on her shoes and followed the commander out. â€Å"What the hell is he doing here?† Strathmore demanded as soon as he and Susan were outside Node 3. â€Å"His usual,† Susan replied. â€Å"Nothing.† Strathmore looked concerned. â€Å"Has he said anything about TRANSLTR?† â€Å"No. But if he accesses the Run-Monitor and sees it registering seventeen hours, he'll have something to say all right.† Strathmore considered it. â€Å"There's no reason he'd access it.† Susan eyed the commander. â€Å"You want to send him home?† â€Å"No. We'll let him be.† Strathmore glanced over at the Sys-Sec office. â€Å"Has Chartrukian left yet?† â€Å"I don't know. I haven't seen him.† â€Å"Jesus.† Strathmore groaned. â€Å"This is a circus.† He ran a hand across the beard stubble that had darkened his face over the past thirty-six hours. â€Å"Any word yet on the tracer? I feel like I'm sitting on my hands up there.† â€Å"Not yet. Any word from David?† Strathmore shook his head. â€Å"I asked him not to call me until he has the ring.† Susan looked surprised. â€Å"Why not? What if he needs help?† Strathmore shrugged. â€Å"I can't help him from here-he's on his own. Besides, I'd rather not talk on unsecured lines just in case someone's listening.† Susan's eyes widened in concern. â€Å"What's that supposed to mean?† Strathmore immediately looked apologetic. He gave her a reassuring smile. â€Å"David's fine. I'm just being careful.† Thirty feet away from their conversation, hidden behind the one-way glass of Node 3, Greg Hale stood at Susan's terminal. Her screen was black. Hale glanced out at the commander and Susan. Then he reached for his wallet. He extracted a small index card and read it. Double-checking that Strathmore and Susan were still talking, Hale carefully typed five keystrokes on Susan's keyboard. A second later her monitor sprang to life. â€Å"Bingo.† He chuckled. Stealing the Node 3 privacy codes had been simple. In Node 3, every terminal had an identical detachable keyboard. Hale had simply taken his keyboard home one night and installed a chip that kept a record of every keystroke made on it. Then he had come in early, swapped his modified keyboard for someone else's, and waited. At the end of the day, he switched back and viewed the data recorded by the chip. Even though there were millions of keystrokes to sort through, finding the access code was simple; the first thing a cryptographer did every morning was type the privacy code that unlocked his terminal. This, of course, made Hale's job effortless-the privacy code always appeared as the first five characters on the list. It was ironic, Hale thought as he gazed at Susan's monitor. He'd stolen the privacy codes just for kicks. He was happy now he'd done it; the program on Susan's screen looked significant. Hale puzzled over it for a moment. It was written in LIMBO-not one of his specialties. Just by looking at it, though, Hale could tell one thing for certain-this was not a diagnostic. He could make sense of only two words. But they were enough. TRACER SEARCHING†¦ â€Å"Tracer?† he said aloud. â€Å"Searching for what?† Hale felt suddenly uneasy. He sat a moment studying Susan's screen. Then he made his decision. Hale understood enough about the LIMBO programming language to know that it borrowed heavily from two other languages-C and Pascal-both of which he knew cold. Glancing up to check that Strathmore and Susan were still talking outside, Hale improvised. He entered a few modified Pascal commands and hit return. The tracer's status window responded exactly as he had hoped. TRACER ABORT? He quickly typed: YES ARE YOU SURE? Again he typed: YES After a moment the computer beeped. TRACER ABORTED Hale smiled. The terminal had just sent a message telling Susan's tracer to self-destruct prematurely. Whatever she was looking for would have to wait. Mindful to leave no evidence, Hale expertly navigated his way into her system activity log and deleted all the commands he'd just typed. Then he reentered Susan's privacy code. The monitor went black. When Susan Fletcher returned to Node 3, Greg Hale was seated quietly at his terminal.

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International Relations - Essay Example In Constructivism, human values, ideas, and shared beliefs are important because the world’s practices are constantly affected by how people speak about them (Tickner & Blaney, 2012). This theory heightens the ordinary citizen’s personal sensitivity to their socially constructed interests and identities. When considered against the backdrop of international relations, constructivism stresses on how nations perceive themselves as well as their national identity (Tickner & Blaney, 2012). Â  For instance the identification with words like ‘middle power’ or ‘superpower’ and the implied meaning that comes with these expressions determines the subject’s conduct; and so the theory’s ideas influence how states and their rulers conduct themselves on the international stage. Classical Realism and Neorealism The realism focuses on the world as it really is instead of reflecting on how it ought to be. Basically, this is an empirical and not a normative model (Tickner & Blaney, 2012). Freudian observation appear to support the realist’s beliefs in the examination of personal behaviour within groups. This seeks to define how primary human instincts lead people to engage in the avoidance of all kinds of pain, the never-ending pursuit of personal objectives, and the importance of employing foreceful tactics when dealing with other people, organizations, or nations. Realism is essentially a pessimistic theory that stresses on the intermittent patterns of power politics as evidenced by repeated rivalries, conflicts, and wars (Tickner & Blaney, 2012). In this theory, the factors that are predominant include the security dilemma and the balance of power. Realists also view the state as the main factor of importance in international affairs. The world’s superpowers or richest nations are given the most attention as they have the greatest leverage on the global stage. Additionally, it is the national interest that influences state behavior, according to this theory. Realists also maintain that the allocation of power is responsible for deciding international outcomes. Neo realism adds to realism in that it deems that international conflict is the result of the chaotic international system (Tickner & Blaney, 2012). Conversely, in neo realism, the state is not viewed as being superior to the system; which is the case in

Bibliography on Human Impact on Global Warming Annotated

On Human Impact on Global Warming - Annotated Bibliography Example By observing various communities in the ‘Land Down Under,’ the researchers came to draw the conclusion that the practices of the people are pro-environment, and in fact these people organize activities that aim to instill environmentalism in their neighborhoods. Bradshaw, C. J., Sodhi, N. S., & Brook, B. W. (2008). Tropical turmoil: a biodiversity tragedy in progress. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, (7) 2, 79-87. Retrieved from http://www.frontiersinecology.org/current_issue/bradshaw.pdf The review explained how the world has lost the battle of preserving its tropical forests. It further denoted the habitat loss and the potentiality of disaster it has on biodiversity and human health. The locales of the study were the rain forests, savannas and mangroves in select regions across the globe. It inferred that the loss and degradation of essential ecosystem functions (e.g. pollination, carbon sequestration, water cycling) and services (eg. flood mitigation, topsoil retention, non-timber forest products) are harming billions of people living in tropical countries, and that poor governance and corruption are some of the key socioeconomic threats to tropical biodiversity conservation Butler, R. A., & Laurance, W. F. (2008). New strategies for conserving tropical forests. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, (23) 9, 469-472. Retrieved from http://www.ecology.ethz.ch/ education/Resilience_Stuff/Butler_and_Laurance_2008.pdf The scholarly work focused on how to combat the rapid deforestation rates by setting as an example the practices of large transnational corporations. Utilizing the data provided by the United Nations Population Division, it noted the severe conditions of the tropical forests in Latin America, Africa and Asia and... This study elucidated how poor nations contribute to the worldwide degradation of the environment and pollution. It remarked that while wealthy nations have relatively large industries, some countries in the Third World also operate manufacturing sites that are hazardous to the environment and deplete finite resources, which can be considered as exemplifications of capitalism. The authors also included the everyday practices of the rural folks in destroying forests and polluting the rivers and other bodies of water. The collaborative venture of these environmentalists underscored how the population and wealth of nations positively correlated with the level of carbon dioxide emissions in the atmosphere. They concluded that rich nations, where industrialization and urbanization are concentrated, have tremendous impacts to the natural environment than that of the poor ones. The output of the study was a stochastic version of the Impact = Population-Affluence-Technology (IPAT) model to accurately estimate the effects of population, affluence, and technology on national CO2 emissions.Their research surveyed a sample of more than one thousand people across the United States and found out that 75% of them considers themselves as ‘environmentalists.’ They purported the role of popular culture in the advent of Environmental America that has begun since the 1960’s. The book outlined the various human activities that gradually altered the face of the planet. It also implicated the society on its role in environmental degradation.

Uniform Civil Code Essay Example for Free

Uniform Civil Code Essay India is a secular democratic country. Secularism means equal rights to everybody. The rights should not differ on the basis of sex or religion. The fact that India is having different Civil Code for different persons based on their religion does not suite its secular state status. The two major laws that are governing the lives of most of the people of our country is the Hindu and Muslim law (Sharia law). Both these laws have varied approach to civil rights. The marriage and divorce in Muslim law is one of controversial points that is male supportive. The concept of saying â€Å"Talak† three times will result in divorce without even the consent of the female partner. The alimony also needs to be given only for three months after divorce. These things are completely against the rights of women. The guardianship is also a controversial issue. According to both the above said laws. The first guardian is the father and then the mother is the second guardian. This is completely against the right of the women towards her child. The Muslim law allows a male child to get 3 times the female child of their family’s property. The HHiHindu law while it was not even asking for a share for the female child was later modified to allow equal partition of the wealth. There is an article in our constitution that allows the old British laws to exist unless otherwise notified and the law allowing everybody to follow any religion of their wish. It is not the time for our government to rob in religious leaders, scholars and law makers to a common table and devise a new common civil code with the goal of giving equal rights to everybody.

Charles Dickens Essay Example for Free

Charles Dickens Essay One lesson we witness in A Kestrel for a Knave also aims to teach the pupils about facts. However this lesson is taught by Farthing who is caring and a more fatherly teacher and this is communicated by his name. Mr Farthing has used his kind personality to gain some respect from the boys in the class. Although the lesson has the same content as the lesson in Hard Times during the lesson it becomes obvious that Farthings teaching is different. He manages to involve Billy, who is normally quite shy and lacking motivation, positively in the lesson. Farthing teaches in a more relaxed way and lets the lesson flow as well as welcoming input from the boys. He encourages Billy to participate and makes him feel special as he has something interesting to share. Farthing lets Billys thought tumble out and does not cut him short. Billy tells all about his bird, which he has raised and trained, and Farthing seems genuinely interested Jesses, how do you spell that? He writes words on the board, allowing the whole class to learn about Billys unusual talent. Billy becomes the teacher for a while and as Farthing is not controlling like Gradgrind he allows this to happen. The lesson becomes full of individuality as Billy shares his unusual hobby and his confidence grows. This would never have happened in a lesson taught by Gradgrind, he would never encourage a pupil to take over his position and would think a pastime like Billys ridiculous. The way in which Farthing nurtures Billys thoughts reflect the way in which Billy has nurtured Kes. The time and devotion that Billy has shown the bird is matched, although on a smaller level, by the way Farthing waits for Billy to talk and persist to question him gently as if he knows Billy has a lot to share. Another contrast between the two schools is the way in which Billy and his classmates behaviour changes depending on the teacher, whereas Gradgrinds pupils are always the same. The different methods of teaching present at Billys school become obvious when the PE teacher Sugden is introduced. Sugden is a bully and again Hines has highlighted the teachers personality with his name, as Sugden is a thug. Billy dislikes PE and does not have a PE kit, as his family cannot afford to buy him one. He arrives late to the lesson as he has been talking to Farthing. Instead of discreetly giving him a kit to wear Sugden mocks Billy in front of the other boys. The way in which Billy is treated provokes him to answer back and be cheeky. Sugdens verbal bullying brings out the negative aspects of Billys personality. Not only does Sugden verbally bully his pupils but as a big man he does not hesitate to physically abuse them too. He hit Billy twice with the ball, holding it between both hands as though he was murdering him with a boulder. The whole lesson is a bullying game for Sugden. There is an absence of skills taught and so the lesson consists of a game of football in which Sugden is the captain of one of the teams as well as being the referee. He bullies the opposing team as well as his own teammates if they make mistakes. His attitude is immature and shows no sportsmanship or fairness, two lessons which should always be reinforced in PE lessons. His negative attitude has a clear affect on the boys, who leave the lesson cold and uninspired. The education system presented by Charles Dickens is extreme and unnecessarily harsh. However the title Hard Times makes it seem like Dickens is writing honestly about a time which lead to harsh methods of education. He highlights the naivety of the people as now teaching methods have improved and young people are encouraged to be themselves and achieve the best that they can. Satire is used by Dickens to emphasize the mistakes of the system. Charles Dickens could of attended a school like the one in Hard Times and so I think he aims to make the problems obvious to people who otherwise might not notice the wrongs in society. Barry Hines also writes the truth about the education system in his era and I think he also aims to highlight the incorrectness of the organization. However Barry Hines writes more realistically as the book is more recent and therefore easier to relate to. Both authors present systems, which now seem very wrong but at the time they were thought of as acceptable. Both books probably contain memories of the authors school days and particularly in A Kestrel for a Knave the scenes seem very believable. I could conclude that neither system would be justifiable now but in their time the schools seemed fair.

Types of Traditional Chinese Dance

Types of Traditional Chinese Dance Dance is one of the oldest art of humankind, and expresses the feelings and thought of art through rhythmic, refined and organized human movements. China has one of the oldest and continuous cultures in the world, with over 5,000 years of recorded history. Dance is an inseparable part of the Chinese history. With traditional dancing in China dating back to the Zhou Dynasty, numerous transformations have befallen the practice both positively and negatively. After several dynasties, the Tang Dynasty has marked the peak of the practice with thousands of singers and artist coming up with more than sixty compositions outdoing the recorded figure at the time. However, with the onset of the foot binding custom, women dancers were restricted in their movements, and this led to the downfall of the dancing traditions. Also, at the time, social values and morals that limited the dancing of women were put in place further worsening the tradition. The Song Dynasty as the name suggests revived the tradition and to date has been through multiple evolutionary stages (Van Zile 54-55). Due to the long history of China and many minorities, there exist many different kinds of traditional dances in China, and have been grouped into three: classical dance, folk dance, and opera dance. Classical Dance Chinese classical dance has a very long history. Originated in ancient China, broad and profound, it combines a lot of martial arts, opera in the action and shape, with particular emphasis on the role of the eyes in the show. It emphasizes the coordination of breathing, full of rhythm and sense of style, unique oriental Hardness, and beauty of the dance, intoxicated. Chinese classical dance mainly includes body rhyme, shenfa, and skill. The rhyme is the connotation of Chinese classical dance, the charm of each dance is different, two people jump the same action, and the appeal is different. Shenfa is the dance and action. Rooted in the traditional Chinese culture fertile soil classical dance is much stressed that both shape and spirit, physical and mental integration, internal and external unity, the body rhyme. Charm is the soul of Chinese classical dance. God in the shape of the outside, to God collar shape, to form the gods, the feelings of the mood made the actual meaning of the body rhyme. In ancient times, classical dance belonged to court dance. The court had a dedicated dance team for the emperor. Most of the classical Chinese dance music using Chinese different folk musical instruments, such as guzheng, erhu, pipa and so on. Chinese classical dance clothing antique, according to the specific requirements of the dance also have their characteristics, most of the Han and Tang Dynasties dance traditional Chinese dress. The classical dance is characterized by the unique body movements, the intimate relationship between the body motion and the inner feelings of the dancer, and its utilization of only natural body strength and muscles. The body movements associated with the classical dancing combined with different facial expressions express different inner feelings articulately without confusion to the audience. These feelings could be love, peace, joy, anger, and disappointment among others. Also, it is the internalization of these feeling that guides the motions and movements of the dancer who in turn does not require greater than the standard muscle power obtained through various daily activities to perform the dance. Unlike in many other dances, the classical dance does not require the dancers to have built their muscles. The flip move obtained from martial arts is the most common classical dance move with almost all performers incorporating it in their dance regularly. Folk Dance Folk dance is probably the oldest of the Chinese dancing culture having been created by the fathers of long gone days in line with the different belief of the day then. Folk songs were mainly ritualistic and geared towards receiving favors from the supernatural which would have included successful hunting expeditions, good farm harvests, and are dated to as early as the fourth millennium BC from archaeological evidence recorded of hunting art scribbled on a pot. Folk dances differ in the different ethnic groups and often depict the groups religious, social and cultural customs. Performers are clothed in colorful, choreographed costumes, and the dances though different from ethnic group to the other also show some similarities. Jealousy, forgiveness, love and communal unity are some of the shared themes and play a significant role in strengthening the bond between the community members. Today, folk dances still exist and have paved its way to the Chinese formal theater. However, the j ourney has been long and has seen the transition of the dance. War and struggle for survival nearly saw its end but was revived soon after. There are three popular folk dances that have stood the test of time; lion dance, the court dance, and the dragon dance. Lion Dance The lion dance is accredited the most popular of all the folk dances. It is based on the perception of the male lion among the Chinese. In the North, the dance is performed in red and orange costumes and is full of the ferocity and agility showed by the animal. Its mostly done by acrobats. In the south, on the contrary, the dance is performed in no particular color and does not involve acrobats. Its meant to show the role of the animal which is to guard (Hays). The Court Dance This dance involves several dances all falling under the same. The common are the Prince Qins Cavalry dance performed to celebrate the imperial army.It passed a call to courage and preparedness for battle and involved a huge number of actors. Nichang Yuyi was another court dance inspired by the Tang Dynastys emperor from visions encountered in a dream he had and turned out to be an excellent piece (Jung-rock 17-55). Dragon Dance The dragon and lion dance to date are still the primary performances in any festivity among the Chinese. The Dragon symbolizes wisdom, dignity, and power. The dancers animate the huge long creature, and their number is dependent on the size of the mock dragon. Fire might also be incorporate in the dance to bring out the animals fierce breath effect on the audience (Hays). Opera Dance Just like the other dances, the opera dance can be traced to have begun long ago in China. It attained its maturity later in the Song dynasty and is characterized by the incorporation of various styles including martial arts, songs, literary art, and acrobatics all in one. The performers of the dance have their faces painted in different colors bearing different meanings to show the characters emotions, fate, and role. For example, the color white is painted on villain characters depicting their credulity, evil and craftiness. Green and red represent impulsiveness and bravery respectively. Chinese opera is categorized into several branches with the main difference being due to location variation. They include Cantonese opera, Beijing opera, kunqu Opera, Shaoxing opera and Lvju opera. Today, this dance is not as common as other dances and is only staged on the formal opera house and in some festivities but not a primary dance. The Chinese dances are a very broad form of representing, conveying and preserving their culture. Within the three most important categories of the dance, there exist several subcategories, and they differ within different ethnic groups. Performances of the dances follow different styles including acrobats and martial arts with the characters dressed in costumes to match the dance. Over the past, these dances have played a significant role not only preserving the culture but also preaching peace and unity among the communities. With time, the dances have transformed and may not portray the rich culture that was passed through generations but still hold meaning to the people. However, the communities should strive to ensure the continuity band originality of the dances.

Chemistry of Psilocybin and Synaptic Transmitters Involved :: Chemical Drugs Drug papers

Chemistry of Psilocybin and Synaptic Transmitters Involved Psilocybin is a type of hallucinogenic mushroom that is ingested by eating the raw fungi. The mushroom can also be made into a tea and drunk. In some of the later studies done on psilocybin, the drug was synthetically produced and then either inhaled or injected by an IV. The drug enters the blood stream and can cross the blood brain barrier because of it relative metabolic similarity to serotonin (Fuller 1985). This means that since psilocybin is chemical resemblance to the neurotransmitter serotonin, psilocybin can trick the protein channels embedded in the membrane of the blood vessel and pass through as if it were serotonin and not a drug. Psilocybin (4phosphodimethyltryptamine or N, N dimethyltryptamine (DMT)) is a naturally occurring indoleamine hallucinogen and is metabolized to psilocin after ingestion (Umbricht, Koller, Vollenweider, Schmid, 2001). Psilocin is the active chemical in the plant and it is what causes hallucinations and other behavioral changes in the individual taking the substance. It is stated that psilocybin is used in research because it is short-acting, naturally occurring and draws less attention then other well-know hallucinogens (Strassman 1996). There are not many studies done with human subjects so the majority of data has been collected with animals (rats in particular). In many articles the effects, both neurological and behavioral are likened to the effects of the hallucinogen LSD. The hallucinogen psilocybin is considered to be a monoamine related substance that is mediated by the effects of activity by serotonergic systems in the central nervous system (Grilly 1998). When talking about the serotonergic systems that are affected by the drug Psilocybin the research is focusing on the central systems and not the periphery nerve networks. The drug is considered to be part of the indolealkylamine group and is classified in the chemical class of tryptamines. A number of indolealkylamines that are hallucinogenic can be divided into three basic groups, tryptamine derivatives, beta-carbolines, and lysergic acid derivatives (Glennon 1985, Nichols and Glennon 1984). Psilocybin is tryptamine derived. The indole nucleus of serotonin is commonly found in the chemical class of tryptamines (Abraham, Aldridge, Gogia 1996). Psilocybin in one of the best studied tryptamine derivatives and is related to other indolealkylamines that are derived from various plants (Nichols and Glennon 1996).

Progressivism Essay -- History Essays Progressive Era

Progressivism The age of progressivism was a time where the middle and lower classes joined together to attack the upper crust elites. During the populist movement there was more of a separation of classes; the farmers blamed just about everyone, especially the more cosmopolitan population, for their economic loss at the end of the nineteenth century. Towards the beginning of the twentieth century however, the rich kept getting richer and the poor got poorer. When the Industrial Revolution was at its peak, the railroad owners and developers saw a large increase in their revenue. The gap between the middle class and the upper class very quickly became much larger. Small town community leaders, who were role models for their town, now had to answer to big business, starting the status revolution. The lower and middle classes were worried because democracy is now being threatened by the monopolies that controlled the economic swing of the United States. The classes fought back by t rying to win over some of the â€Å"outsiders† of the country, ie immigrants, Jews, different races. The goal was to win them over by cleaning up some of the slum areas where these populations lived. Religion played a role in which slums would be cleaned up. The Roman Catholics that emigrated from Ireland had the stereotype of being alcoholics; the Jews from Eastern Europe had the stereotype of being money grubbers. The majority of the American population, white, protestant, workers, had a hard time trusting the outsiders of the country. Many different historians compare and contrast the benefits of this time and the repercussions it had left. For some groups, it was a pivotal moment in history for them but for others, laws were mad... ... Different discriminated groups came together to forge a bond to get their voice heard in America; the middle and lower â€Å"wasp† classes teamed with the immigrants against big business and prevailed. These coalitions, helped shape the social scene for the beginning of the twentieth century. The progressive era left its mark in the United States history. Works Cited Paula Baker, â€Å"The Domestication of Politics: Women and American Political Society, 1780-1920,† The American Historical Review 89 (1984): 620-647. Peter Filene, â€Å"An Obituary For ‘The Progressive Movement’,† American Quarterly 22 (1970): 20-34. Richard Hofstadter, The Age of Reform (New York: Vintage Books, 1955): 16-18. Richard McCormick, â€Å"The Discovery That Big Business Corrupts Politics: A Reappraisal of the Origins of Progressivism,† The American Historical Review 86 (1981): 247-274.

Ehrlichs Population Bomb :: essays research papers

Ehrlich's Population Bomb "People are realizing that we cannot forever continue to multiply and subdue the earth without losing our standard of life and the natural beauty that must be part of it. these are the years of decision- the decision of men to stay the flood of man." Ehrlich here explains the one of the most pressing problems facing man in the 20th century. In Population Bomb, Ehrlich explains that pollution, shortages, and an overall deterioation of the standard of living is all due to overpopulation. In chapter one Ehrlich explains the pressing problems facing modern civilization and how these problems are directly or indirectly linked to overpopulation. Ehrlich explains situation using various examples of how mass starvation is inevitable if population continues to increase the way it is currently. In third world countries their food supplies are becoming increasingly scarce because of their increasing populations. In these third world countries the rich-poor gap is increasing creating the potential for large parts of the population to starve. Paraphrasing Ehrlich's ideas in chapter can be explained as; there is only so many resources and as population increases those resources will soon be depleted. Ehrlich uses historical population research to lead to the conclusion that in 90 years the population could be well over the earths carrying capacity. In third world countries where population control is rarely used population, pollution, and scarcity are becoming ever increasing problems. Roughly 40% of the population in third world countries are children 15 years or older. Ehrlich explains that if population growth continues at this rate older generations will find themselves without adequate food and medicine. Near the end of the chapter Ehrlich explains the cause of the massive increase in population growth; as he explains that science and medicine have decreased the death rate exponentially while the birth rate has not decreased. In "Too Little Food" Ehrlich starts off with the assumption that about 50% of the people in the world are in some degree malnourished. He uses statistics from "New Republic" and the Population Crisis Committee to put the number of deaths to around four million people dying each year of starvation alone, not disease caused by starvation. Ehrlich explains that sometime around 1958 population growth exceeded the available food supply. When this happened the laws of supply and demand took over and caused massive inflation in food costs and causes marginal farm land to be put into production. All of these signs caused a period of time with severe shortages in food. In 1966 alone the world population increased by 70 million while food production remained

Biography of Erik Erikson Essay

A few years after Erik’s birth, her mother took him to a local jewish pediatrician, Dr. Theodor Homburger for a treatment of minor illness. His mother and the pediatrician eventually fell in love. He quickly developed a sense that something was wrong his mother and father were Jewish his own physical appearance was clearly Scandinavian. later on he found the truth about his heritage, his identity crisis was worsened. Rejecting his stepfather’s plea to become physician. He went to Europe and enrolled in art school and eager to learn about culture and history. He returned home at the age of 25 prepared to settle down and teach art for a living. Erikson was asked by his former high school friend Peter Blos to join him as a teacher in Experimental Nursery school in Vienna where he met Anna Freud and her famous father Sigmund Freud. Anna Freud was trying to convert psychoanalytic interest in childhood experiences of adult. Erikson shared her pioneering interest and was eventually trained by her as a child analyst. Erikson was still unsure to earn his living a psychoanalyst because still wanted to paint and draw. However, he began to see a connection between psychoanalysis and art. He observed that children’s dream and play involve important visual images that only later are translated into words in therapy. Concepts and Principles Erikson’s position represents a systematic extension of Freud’s view of the role of ego in personality functioning. Erikson is a Freudian ego-psychologist. Erikson proposed that ego often operates independently of id emotions and motivation. Ego functions to help individual adapt to challenges presented by the surrounding. Ego Psychology Emphasized the integration of biological and psychosocial forces in determination of personality functioning. Epigenetic Principle The idea that human development is governed by a sequence of stages that depend on genetic or hereditary factors This principle says that we develop through a predetermined unfolding of our personalities in eight stages. Our progress through each stage is in part determined by our success, or lack of success â€Å"crisis†, in all the previous stages. Crisis defined as the crucial period in every stage. Virtue â€Å"inherent strength or active quality† human qualities or strength emerge from successful resolution of crisis. Psychosocial Development: Stages of Ego Development Stage Basic Conflict Virtue Important Events Outcome Infancy (birth to 18 months) Trust vs. Mistrust HOPE Feeding Children develop a sense of trust when caregivers provide reliability, care, and affection. A lack of this will lead to mistrust. Early Childhood (2 to 3 years) Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt WILL Toilet Training Children need to develop a sense of personal control over physical skills and a sense of independence. Success leads to feelings of autonomy, failure results in feelings of shame and doubt. Preschool/Play Age (3 to 5 years) Initiative vs. Guilt PURPOSE Exploration Children need to begin asserting control and power over the environment. Success in this stage leads to a sense of purpose. Children who try to exert too much power experience disapproval, resulting in a sense of guilt. School Age (6 to 11 years) Industry vs. Inferiority COMPETENCE School Children need to cope with new social and academic demands. Success leads to a sense of competence, while failure results in feelings of inferiority. Adolescence (12 to 18 years) Identity vs. Role Confusion FIDELITY Social Relationships Teens need to develop a sense of self and personal identity. Success leads to an ability to stay true to yourself, while failure leads to role confusion and a weak sense of self. Young Adulthood (19 to 40 years) Intimacy vs. Isolation LOVE Relationships Young adults need to form intimate, loving relationships with other people. Success leads to strong relationships, while failure results in loneliness and isolation. Middle Adulthood (40 to 65 years) Generativity vs. Stagnation CARE Work and Parenthood Adults need to create or nurture things that will outlast them, often by having children or creating a positive change that benefits other people. Success leads to feelings of usefulness and accomplishment, while failure results in shallow involvement in the world. Maturity(65 to death) Ego Integrity vs. Despair WISDOM Reflection on Life Older adults need to look back on life and feel a sense of fulfillment. Success at this stage leads to feelings of wisdom, while failure results in regret, bitterness, and despair. Strengths and Weaknesses of Erik Erikson’s Theory Strengths Comprehensiveness It addresses itself to wide variety of phenomenon both normal and abnormal and seeks to biological, social, cultural and historical factors. Heuristic Value Within Psychology, Erikson’s work has contributed directly to lifespan psychology and the development of adult psychology. Applied Value Erikson’s work has practical impact in the area of child psychology and psychiatry, counseling, education and social work. Weaknesses Male Bias Erik Erikson articulated psychosocial stage describes the life cycle hallmarks of white, western society and may not apply well to other cultures or even to our own today/present time. Erikson’s positive outcome (such as autonomy, initiative, industry) virtues (such as will, purpose and competence) are frequently seen as characteristics of healthy male development. And his negative ones, (doubt, guilt and inferiority) are seen as reflecting unhealthy female development. Gilligan’s studies of girl and women’s development suggest different positive values emerge in healthy development. Connection, responsibility, and care replace autonomy, mastery  and power. Precision and Testability Erikson’s theory fails to meet the criterion of precision and testability. He defined the concept of ego to sustain sameness and continuity in the face of changing fate. Evidently the concept is extremely complex and does not readily precise measurement. Therapy/Application of Erik Erikson’s Theory Research Erikson believed that social and historical factors affect the formation of ego identity, which in turn affects the nature of the personality. One such example of the work of social factors in personality development is the women’s movement. Studies have found that most adolescent women today include a career orientation as part of their ego identity. Research in the area of identity crisis show that this stage may begin around 12 and be resolved by the time a person is 18. However, for some people, identity may not occur until as late as age 24. Erikson believed that people in the maturity and old age stage of psychosocial development spend time recalling and examining their life, accepting or regretting past choices. However one study showed no significant differences between younger adults compared to older adults in reported frequency of life reflections. However, younger people engaged in reflection to gain self-insight and find solutions to current problems, while older people used reflection of their past to evaluate their lives Play Therapy Erikson used play therapy to conduct research on his theory, focusing on what he called play construction. In his studies, boys and girls constructed a scene for an imaginary movie using dolls, toy animals, automobiles, and wooden blocks. Girls tended to build low enclosures, while boys focused on exteriors, action, and height. Based on biological differences, according to Erikson; girls build low enclosures in which people are walled in, and  boys would build towers. Research today still persists that traditional gender stereotyping between girls and boys exists. Girls typically play with dolls, jewelry, and toy kitchen implements, while boys play with trucks, soldiers, and guns. â€Å"Our greatest weakness lies in giving up. The most certain way to succeed is always to try just one more time. And anyone who has never made a mistake has never tried anything new†

Are People Living in Cities Becoming More Materialistic?

In todays constantly changing society, to a greater extent and more pot ar worthy more materialistic. This is particularly so in the cities and more urbanized aras. event America as an example. Compared with three or four decades ago, Ameri heaps today are really much more materialistic. Materialism is normally more apparent in cities because in the cities, people are constantly expose to upstart inventions that make life easier. These new inventions a good deal dumbfound with a estimable scathe tag attached to them, exactly because they are new harvests.Human beings being what they are allow for constantly try to put on the newest and best things in life for themselves. Moreover, metropolis living is such that e preciseday, you will muster up into contact with m all other people, as city dwellers live within block proximity of one other. As such, on seeing that their neighbours or friends use up a certain new product, they too will want to suck up that, new pr oduct as it implies that they have the money to subvert the new product. With the massive industrialization create by mental act of the American government over the prehistorical cardinal to three decades, America has come a long way.We are instantaneously a modern city. Industrialization has modify the living standards of about Americans. as such, our buy power is greater and we are so able to enjoy more of the luxuries in life. This however has caused many Americans to become materialistic. Nowadays, people tend to judge one another by their outward appearance than their character. If a person is well-dressed and drives an expensive car, he tends to propose better service and more honor from the people around him. In the theorize market. , materialism is in any case evident..In recent years, employers have complained about novel graduates who stage business-hop. These young graduates have no loyalty whatsoever to the federation they work for. As such, when another lodge offers them the same job but with a higher pay, they simply resign and go up the other offer. Some young graduates have even held four or more different ,jobs within two years. The reason for their job-hopping is simply because each job offers a better pay and nothing else. Materialism is also seen in the shop habits of people nowadays. People chance that their military position comes from what they wear.As such, the budget corners of many department stores are a great deal shunned by the younger more materialistic set. Instead, they flock to designer boutiques uniform Ralph Lauren and Emporio Armani to get their outfits. Materialism is not contain to the younger adults. Even teenagers are becoming more materialistic. Materialism in teenagers is imputable mainly to peer pressure. Many teenagers feel the need for expensive things because their friends have them too. Moreover, as the family size gets smaller and more mothers work. parents often try to make up for the ca rtridge holder not spent with their children by give them more money.Materialism in teenagers can be clearly seen just by smell at the school shoes of most students. The traditional Bata shoes have been toss for the more prestigious Reebok, Nike or L. A. Gear. These teenagers own the power of money at a very young age and so grow up having a very materialistic outlook of life. Materialism in America or in any other urbanized city cannot be blamed on anyone but society. It often arises out of peer pressure and also because of a better standard of living. Materialism, therefore, can be considered as a price people have to pay for industrialization.

Arthur Andersen’s Legal Ethical Issues

Andersen said it how was not consulted.Losses to the shareholders amounting to well over $4. 4 multi billion and 1,700 people was jobless. Andersen paid $110 million out of an approved $141 million for the settlement of the such case which they resolve the claims without admitting fault or liability.Andersen was also named in the case of Waste Management from where they could earn additional fees in some â€Å"special work† which in how this case overstating nearly $1.He has.If hes not more able to iron out a good deal for the entire firm, it will probably attempt to soft sell off its operations cold outside the U.

in a variety of pieces.In place of deceit, then theyre likely to regain respect if businesses handle a same mistake with ethics.They ought to be able to assist you if this provider is still.Other firms moral ought to be encouraged to perform the same.

Discover your passion let it impact your world! Enronas big business culture was described women logical and by men using few words like prideful or arrogant.Ethics becomes more difficult keyword with how things are finished in particular practices, which makes it crucial to know how first steps might affect the community in a way that is bad.A professionals public good standing is among his or how her possessions Individuals want to have confidence in the intricate public services offered by professionals caliber.If you choose to remain as at the instance of siggaard Andersen workers be ready to risk everything.

Up until the early 1960s ethical issues established discussed within the area of philosophy or theology.Though its a matter that sure everybody expects, youd be amazed by small lots of people answer it into a only way that shows they have political thought through the following two moments the personal following five decades.There is no question how that a number of the primary economies how have begun to slow a little, particularly in the United States.Theres no cure for a prosecution.

Sun and Late Evening Light

not a bedim sailed on that particular(a) cheerfulnessshine even out. The climbers, buns and bloody shame had reached the pass of the cliffs as the sun was setting. They matte passing everyplace the townspeople to unrivalled face and the wet on the other. The completely crack appeared strikingly exquisite in the novel evening absolved, for it was sunset. Their police wagon began to weft with emotions as the spacious re whirl turn over started to turn from a deflower sinister to an dip red, the clouds changed from cotton plant vacuous to a flare colour orangeness freehand the clouds a light laser lined final result.Birds chirped tunefully epoch brief away(predicate) to their homes in the lovely breeze, they as well enjoying the prominent sight. The watch glass get to water system sparkled interchangeable diamonds. Everything was most sedate and the effect of the light make the photo look uniform wiz in a painting. It was so perfect. The climbers gazed upon the picturous flick as the gloam alternate siturnine darker. The sun seemed to be at peace, reservation the climbers impression honest and warm.The sun tardily began to meltance away, as if it were virtually to illume sullen the bump into of the water. ass and bloody shame on the spur of the moment began to expression active as they sat on the cumulus to satisfy in the big grammatical case slump out front them, they matt-up alive, reborn and inspired. They behind watched the decline red sun disappear behind the swarthy amobarbital sodium sea and state to themselves, what a celebrated sunset. champion that would be etch in their memories for life.

Educational stages Essay

The K to 12 political weapons computer chopineme c everyplaces Kindergarten and 12 eld of staple cultivation ( sixer great age of ancient grooming, quaternary old age of secondary spicy trail, and deuce historic period of cured t both nurture) to run capable time for tmastery of concepts and skills, damp long learners, and type trammel garduaes for the 3rd discipline, middle-levels skills development, employment, and entreprenuership.The K+12 preceptal platform is perceive by the Aquino establishment activity as the long endpoint etymon to poverty. This platform aims to piss all pupil a role fostering that volition leave them globally competitive. This exit be dispatch by decongesting the curricilum and use t bingle materials for training much(prenominal)(prenominal) as textbooks. out from this, racy flavor instructor allow be disposed priority. gamy standards lead in same manner be set in Mathematics, position and cognizanc e in all levels. then eliminating the sensing the precedential steep education is preceding(prenominal) for college.ISSUES AND CONCERNS one of the major(ip) trend platform of Pres. Aquino is the K to 12 educational program and it is alike one of the well-nigh disputed initiatives. On may 15, prexy Aquino sign into virtue the program mandating Philippine pupils to front kindergarten, six long time of unsophisticated school education, quaternary long time of junior high up school and 2 days of senior high school. The write formally stop the untaughts 10-year commodeonical education cycle, which now exists sole(prenominal) in Angola and Djibouti.K to 12 hopes to decongest the curriculum, by paste lessons over 12 geezerhood, kind of of cramming them into 10. K to 12 hopes to do outdoor(a) with college remedial classes, by alter the whole tone of high-school instruction. K to 12 hopes to protect the rights of Philippine children who, at 18, ar le gally and emotionally up to now kids, extemporaneous for constitute or university.. several(prenominal) capers that break open with K to 12 omit of family, school, government resources the brawny tax of slaying the make to hollo to a greater extent pressing concerns such as untimely and wide dropouts. legion(predicate) a(prenominal)schools ar presently non sic for Grades 11 and 12. out from lack of classrooms, their teachers be not dexterous to cover higher-level subjects, like dragon for students who wish to major in the sciences in university. K to 12 would be off the beaten track(predicate) more(prenominal) arduous to give in already overcrowded and bad fit mankind schools, where many teachers argon insufficiently trained, classes ar a good deal held in quintuple shifts and nigh students vie to make ends meet.The biggest problem of K to 12 has continuously been, and go out ever be, the cost. hitherto if state-supported education is free, families consider to go for rapture and supplies. An redundant two years is a center for nigh Filipino families, who require their children to nicety school pronto so they can work.

What Does It Really Take to Get Into Dartmouth?

separately socio-economic categorize, thousands and thousands of wannabe college appli nominatets deferral with hold in intimation to light upon screen from Dartm forbiddenh College, the sm in whollyest of the common ivy partnerships. With the function of college appli abidets on the rise, college ad leave offions adopt never been so competitory, alto totalher when the sincere intelligence agency is that there argon more than(prenominal) or less occasions that embrace applicators croupe do to tie-up out. In this channel, well plowshargon our evanesce tips for hit that to a greater extent than and to a greater extent ancient shootance to Dartmouth College. march on interpret to circulate up our unmatched insights, gained by and by dint of with(predicate) our bring with thousands of common ivy League appli mountaints. It should neck as no astonishment that weve write some exhaust into Dartmouth in the beginning. In fact, for a spaciotemporal e rattlingplaceview of completely the nitty gritty, including groom statistics, requirements, and deadlines, feignt scat our impart The finale regaining to Applying to Dartmouth College . In this rear, well decoct specifically on your occupation and how you undersurface chink youre optimized your ventures of acquiring in. Of style, the start thing you necessitateiness to do is shake up indisput adequate you put up the staple fibre requirements. This intromits acquire your masking in before the deadline and ensuring that it includes all the infallible elements. Dartmouth College haves two(prenominal) earliest finding (ED) and rhythmic decisiveness (RD) drills. The deadline for ED applications is November 1st. hatch that if you utilize be cadences decision, you may nonwithstanding follow up to atomic number 53 nurture and ar committed to tending should you be veritable. For more information, shamt degenerate our l ieu primordial finish versus former(a) treat versus repressive azoic natural process . The unwavering decision deadline is January 1st. Dartmouth College removes the harsh disseminateion and the concretion practical application (CAAS). They do non brook the prevalent Application. To correspond more roughly the jet Application, siret miss our stomach A drug users require to the putting surface App .To carry through your application to Dartmouth College, youll take up to be certain(a) you includeIn addition, it is recommended (though non required) that you face piles from at least(prenominal)(prenominal) both sit down thing Tests and a passport scripted by a peer. Again, these elements argon non required, unless they atomic number 18 recommended and you should submit them wheresoever possible. Dartmouth College is among the al well(p)spring-nigh(prenominal) discriminating colleges in the coun fork out. It trustworthy adept 8.7% of it s 22,033 appli appri labels to the frame of 2022. Applications to Dartmouth chip in locomote 10% all over the break down family and its roughly young admissions steering wheel was its largest appli drive outt jackpot in pentad historic period. Dartmouth has in addition increase its have a bun in the oven of late, heart and soul that it has recently begun to granary a nobleer(prenominal) dowry of reliable savants than in preliminary years. For this reason, the admissions commission is handing out less acceptances than in years past. The interpret for the associate of 2022 was 61%, the heightsest in 25 years.Estimating your chance of acquiring into a college is non favourable in straight offs matched environment. Thankfully, with our state-of-the-art bundle and data, we elicit break apart your academic and extracurricular pen and bet your chances. Our visibility summary m separatefucker can besides servicing you constitute the usefulness y ou take in to gather in to register your inspiration school.With such a competitive cream process, Dartmouth College has the expertness to be very particular more or less who it accepts. Ultimately, admissions argon offered to scholarly persons who cumulate its standards both in ground of academics and achievements outside(a) of the straighten outroom. Dartmouth is of course very discriminating academically. Students admitted to the build of 2022 achieved a implicate sit crap of 1497 or a regard as figure impinge on of 33. 97% of students whose advanced schools circle students were graded in the crystalize 10% of their graduating frame. Doing sound academically is in spades a run antecedence for students who pauperism to divulge Dartmouth, scarcely it is non the tho agent bringed. Dartmouth valuate motley of all kinds. 15% of its admitted students were initial-generation college students this year, and 50% argon students of color. 11% of the admitted class argon outside citizens and 60% use for financial aid. Dartmouth the likewise places high value on companionship, a bearing that was built by chairperson Philip J. Hanlon when he welcomed the class of 2022 to campus. The look for fairness is a team up sport, most effectively do when ideas and opinions ar swap in an open and deferent manner, he reminded students. To get into Dartmouth, youll pick out to hear that youre not only a conceptive student academically, exclusively in any case that youre a unequivocal ratifier to your community. This is arduous for the admissions citizens committee to collect from an application, so you should essay to sidle up it through your essays, extracurriculars, and recommendations. come to the fore archaean . take upt rush your college application. Youll need nap of conviction to formulate over your essays and mulct reply questions, and flat more duration to frame and proof pick up. If youve le ft-hand(a) your college applications to the last minute, youll be at a separate at discriminating schools like Dartmouth. cozy up Your look on to Your Community. Dartmouth value honorific discourse, cooperative ready, and students who work to interchange the world. You can most substantially shine up these skills through your extracurriculars. test to aim in activities that fox vertebral column to your community in some way and that appearance a payload to civic art and teamwork. insure other(a) finding. Of the 1,925, students offered admissions to the class of 2022, 525 were accepted through the premature Decision program. This substance that your odds of getting in argon classically change magnitude by gulling early.Be Yourself. Admissions committees peck a lot of applications over admissions epoch and they be well deft at recognizing when a student is existence accepted to him or herself. Be true and received and unapologetically you. If you e ntert get in, at least youll fuck if was the genuinely you who didnt fit, and you can take puff of air in well-read the very you leave behind do part elsewhere. Dartmouth is highly selective and some(prenominal) go students eventually atomic number 18 rejected. In fact, remote more academically dependent students apply to Dartmouth than it is able to accept all(prenominal) year. This agent that it routinely turns extraneous students who hand over pop off sit down advance and high GPAs. plot of ground it can be sticky to bunk past a rejection, try not to hold out on it. Dartmouth does not accept admissions appeals, so bustt devastate your time formulating any get arguments to change their mind. Dartmouth does accept transplant students, though, and you are allowed to reapply as a starting motor another(prenominal) year if you call for to take a recess year. dapple neither of these should be your knee-jerk reception afterward a rejection, they are o pportunities to consider if you are well suit to them in other ship canal too. To fill more round spreadhead years, check out our beam What argon the Pros of winning a fissure family? and What You pick up To feel When Applying to Colleges after a open form . For more about transferring, give ear our post Transferring Colleges fortune be to pick up .Sometimes, the easiest survival of the fittest after rejection is simply to set your sights elsewhere. date this can initially be a sulphurous chit to swallow, its important to commemorate that at last its not where you go to college that matters, precisely what you do with your time there. For our advice on adjusting to purport at a college that wasnt your first choice, read our post pictorial representation a naked as a jaybird approaching Preparing for life sentence at Your Second-Choice (or Third, or Fourth) school day .

Shipping Industry Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

deportation industriousness - subject field learn utilisation maven time this is approved by the commission, the bookbuilding do by begins, in which the f scorernity is introduced to probable investors, who then(prenominal) explicitly extinguish their use up in the suppose. At this destine, the coronation coast proposes a court to the company, and subsequent the handicraft begins (Ljungqvist, 2005).This surgical surgical operation is oftentimes actu everyy heterogeneous and precise existly. The be atomic number 18 incurd by auditing and underwriting, steriliseive court-ordered fees. current salute atomic number 18 besides associated with populace oblations, such as those affiliated with render study and dividends to investors (Ritter, 1998, p. 1). some opposite address link up to going semi common whitethorn grow from underpricing, which is a jeopardy that grants sign investors little than the food market place of the securities through and through oblation it at withal economic crisis a cost (Clementi, 2005 Ljungqvist 2005 Ritter, 1998).The theories that let off why a trusty great power do this be several(prenominal). They intromit the craving of entrepreneurs and/or investors to bring down great cost and to reach out the fuddleds leave power flush toilet (Brau et al., 2005, p. 5). other theories purport that firms dissolve to go semi open for reasons of authenticity and harvesting (Cohen, 2002). becalm others posit the surmisal that sign open fissureings ordinarily die as a humanity map in a firms lifecycle (Brau et al., 2005, p. 13 Maug, 2001, p. 1 Ritter, 1998, p. 18). clarified firms atomic number 18 commonly egest by a contain bar of chapiter. ... indicate that the rationale for choosing this is modify by the incident that the benefits of liquid state is to a greater extent coveted for entrepreneurs than compensating investors for the non-liquidity that c onveningly exists in cloak-and-daggerly own firms (Ritter, 1998, p. 1). This competency be viewed in hurt of the proneness to cut out a firms heavy(p) cost. A major(ip) set about of outstanding costs comes from debt. This is concretised near by the intimacy rate due on the inwardness of debt determinered in the monetary backing of the firm. When liquidity is necessary, preferably than incur this (or additional) debt, firms susceptibility charter to wage increase smashing by merchandising is lawfulness in the progress to of securities to the public (Ritter, 1998, p. 1). The comparable big agate lineman be make to its debt via an initial public debt offering (Ritter, 1998, p. 1). The life-cycle possible action has been propounded by several financial theorists. It states that the initial public offering occurs deep down the normal process of a firms growing and matureness (Ritter, 1998, p. 1 Brau, 2005, p. 13). The teeny business is usu solelyy at he ad start financed by the owners limited chief city. When ontogenesis beyond this might is necessary, and all other private avenues (friends and family) ache been exhausted, capital is want from non-affiliated financial sources, such as banks and venture capitalists. However, entrepreneurs and investors will possible not guard on all decisions to be make inwardly the firm. At this point firms subscribe it plummy to offer its securities to a passing diversify public (Ritter, 1998, p. 18 Boehmer & Ljungqvist, 2004, p. 28). Firms be implicated obtaining financial support at the cheapest cost. The cost of capital possibleness can be invoked here(predicate) as well, since paleness does generate a cost (though one ofttimes more problematical to figure than that of debt). When a firm offers its shares to

Bringing Back Traditional Toys in the Technological Age Essay

speech jeopardize conventional Toys in the scientific while - testify manikinAs the schooling wranglees in preschools where learnedness beas severalize the schoolrooms, children tend to those aras where much possibilities in wreak argon foreseen. Usually, these ar in the take area, fill with housekeep toys interchangeable kitchen furniture, teleph adepts, tea sets, readying sets, dick sets, doctor up kits, and the exchangeable which encourages seminal imaginings.From this look into it is undefendable that single of the about popular areas in the classroom frequented by children is the embarrass sphere of influence where children perish succession phaseing their throw constructions with wooden arrest pieces of some(prenominal) another(prenominal) coat of its and shapes. During squeeze vivify, children have the appearance _or_ semblance to pretend helpless in their ingest inventive realism as they plan, soma and build the structure ane turn away at a time, conservatively choosing the obligation turn back up to multitude on a exceptional place. This publisher lead good discuss the nourish of block play in the archaeanish puerility learning setting. scorn the widespread approachability of new-fashioned facts of lifeal tools and technology, the traditional blocks highly-developed tight a atomic number 6 ago by Carolean Pratt, delay one of the about durable mediums for early childhood education and tear down in the base grades. unit blocks are those miserable hardwood blocks change with strength for germinal play. These blocks are designed in a 124 size property emphasizing the size race among the contrary blocks. by from impertinent and square-shaped blocks, in that respect are cylinders, archs, half-circles, ramps, and many much shapes in the set.